During the pandemic, Vitamin D deficiency was recognised as one of the main risk factors for poor COVID-19 prognosis, along with obesity and old age. Many of the phenotypic markers of poor prognosis also correlated to symptoms of vitamin D deficiency.
Studies have shown that increased Vitamin D intake/supplementation has led to a significant reduction in respiratory infection caused by COVID-19. Additionally, a greater risk of COVID-19 has been associated with reduced ultraviolet exposure. Interestingly, Vitamin D deficiency, like COVID-19, is linked with darker skin colour as well as obesity.
According to Subramaniam et al., (2022), while more interventional studies are required to consider the role of Vitamin D supplementation as well as its formulation and dose, it has been observed that generally avoiding the deficiency by regular low-dose daily supplementation, particularly in the winter months, is encouraged. This is especially important post-pandemic.
Can Vitamin D protect against COVID?
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Hello Sakshi, this is such an interesting correlation to explore. Further reading into the topic lead me to come across research evidence that suggests, low levels of Vitamin D have been linked to respiratory infections. This is because Vitamin D plays a role in regulating the immune system and may help to prevent viral infections. It is known to have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, which means it helps to balance the immune response and prevent excessive inflammation. Vitamin D helps to activate immune cells such as T cells and natural killer cells, which are important in fighting off infections. It also regulates the production of certain proteins that help to fight off pathogens, such as antimicrobial peptides. Additionally, it is not clear whether taking Vitamin D supplements would be beneficial for preventing or treating Covid-19.